26/01/2011

Conference: African Perspectives 2011

I have just received an email with the latest information about the African Perspectives 2011 conference. The call for papers is now open!



This special edition of the ArchiAfrika newsletter brings to you the Call for Papers & Call for Pictures of the African Perspectives 2011 conference.

The focus of the 5th African Perspectives conference is the ‘African Metropolis’.

In recent decades, many cities on the African continent have experienced unprecedented urban growth. They are described as booming cities or mega-cities. Most of them make concerted efforts to pluralize their relationships with the larger world and with each other and to play an effective role within the network of leading metropolises. As such, they no longer function primarily only as political coordinators of national space or as the fulcrum of national economic productivity but exceed this role. This ‘metropolisation’ trend of the African city encompasses a two-fold process. It refers to changing positions and leveling up to enter a global urban system competition. This essentially relates to local processes of urbanization and urban experience, including the definition of new territorial boundaries and the emergence of new urban identities and centralities.

To read further please click on link provided:

http://www.archiafrika.org/files/AfricanPerspectives%202011_ENG.pdf


Vernacular Techniques in Iranian Sustainable Architecture

Journal of Sustainable Development - Vol. 4, No. 1; February 2011

An Overview of Some Vernacular Techniques in Iranian Sustainable Architecture in Reference to Cisterns and Ice Houses

by: Amir Ghayour Kazemi & Amir Hossein Shirvani
Department of Architecture, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
The great Iranian tradition is as yet little known in the West and there is much to be learnt both from it and the building techniques which are integral with it. Meanwhile, Not only is the Iranian vernacular building tradition itself still alive, but there is much to be gained from the knowledge of a highly developed technology which makes such ingenious use of natural resources without the consumption of additional power. This article is a study of the craftsmanship involved in the construction of the mud brick vernacular architecture of Iran, and the cultural aspects of a traditional architecture which incorporates an understanding of buildings which dates back centuries. Expanding the existing knowledge of these earthen heritage properties, examining their behaviour in the local climate and explaining their current condition in order to express the need for the preservation of traditional craftsmanship as part of a sustainable conservation future are the other prominent concerns of this work. Among different Iranian Vernacular constructions, Ice-houses and cisterns are the subject of the main body of this article.

Keywords: Vernacular techniques, Sustainable architecture, Iran, Ice-Houses, Cisterns
Full article HERE

25/01/2011

Conference in Marseille - 4 & 5 May 2011

 "To build out of earth: from the historical heritage to the contemporary architecture"



Organized collectively by the Ecole d'Avignon, within the framework of the Terra [In]cognita project, and by ICOMOS France, within the framework of its technical days, this conference will take place in Marseille, on May 4th and 5th, 2011, in the Regional Council of Provence-Alpes-Côtes-d'Azur.

The first day will be dedicated to the results of the Terra [In]cognita project: European cartography of the earthen architecture and state of preservation, identified European professionals involved in the field. It will be the occasion for these actors to testify of their reflection, their researches and their realizations in the field of earthen construction and earthen heritage preservation, the purpose being to make them meet itself and exchange with the aim of the creation of a European network of earthen construction.

The second day will be dedicated to the preservation of the earthen architectural heritage in France, to its techniques, its innovative technologies, its fields of research, its know-how and the professionals involved in the field. It may however be the echo of international initiatives that will fuel debate and discussion on national approaches and practices.

Information concerning this conference will be available in February, 2010 HERE.

24/01/2011

7 Week Natural Building Apprenticeship

via: Natural Building Network

7 Week Natural Building Apprenticeship - June 12, 2011 to July 30, 2011


Jacksonville, OR
Instructor James Thomson, Lyida Doleman

http://housealive.org/descriptions/2011-apprenticeship


For the seventh straight year, House Alive! is offering an opportunity for people to get beyond the basics and experience an extended Natural Building apprenticeship. This popular, hands-on, intensive course is designed for people who want to use natural building skills in a professional context or who want to take extra time to work on skill development for their personal project. Participants will get first-hand experience with every aspect of building a natural home, from the foundation to the roof. Learning how to build a natural home is one of the best investments you can make: once you know how to design, build and shape your own living space, you can save many thousands of dollars in living costs.

This program will be almost exclusively “hands-on” learning.  The apprenticeship program for 2011 offers 7 weeks of building, problem solving, designing and discussing all aspects of natural building, allowing you to take the time to develop new skills under the guidance of experienced natural builders.

Throughout the course we’ll be working on the different elements of building a small (about 200 sq. ft.) cob and straw-bale cabin from the ground up. Demonstrations and instruction will be given as needed to explain building techniques and design choices. Participants should expect full and exciting days.


The apprenticeship will take place at Full Bloom Farm, a developing intentional community and large organic farm in a beautiful, secluded valley in Southern Oregon. It is also the home of Rise Up Bakery, which provides delicious fresh bread from their wood-fired oven to businesses and residents in the area. The farm has 280 acres of meadow and forest, 2 creeks and a swimming pond.

Further information HERE and Here

A Berber Town House, Taroudant - Gervais de Bédée

Earlier today I came across some wonderful photos of a Berber town house in Morocco, posted by Paul Gervais de Bédée on his blog. Those beautiful pictures reminded me of the wonderful time I spent in Morocco, where I have seen the most amazing earthen buildings, both in urban and rural areas. Wonderful country to visit!

Have a look at the photos and full post HERE


19/01/2011

Meco's Press - structural earthen bricks

via: Inhabitat






While on a Congolese mission with Doctors Without Borders, Thierry Perrocheau began working on the mechanical design for a portable, natural brick pressing machine. Now the CEO of Meco'concept, Perrocheau and his small team have designed a hydraulic press that transforms ordinary mud into structural building blocks. Since 2008 the team has distributed the Meco'press in France and Belgium, and they have recently seen an overwhelming interest from organizations looking to build in developing nations. The ingenious press offers a green building material solution that can function within the constraints of devastated areas.

Perrocheau told Inhabitat that one of his goals is to have the presses operational in Haiti in the near future. Concerns about portability and global shipment are addressed in the lightweight design of the Meco’Press. Because it can be operated with very little training, is easy to maintain, and uses mostly materials from the building site, testing has found that it can be used throughout 80% of the earth. The small percent left out is due to the lack of clay content in the soil.

For full article and more photos go to Inhabitat website

18/01/2011

Diving in communities - a blog to follow

Another interesting blog to follow...


Ricardo, a portuguese environmental engineer and researcher, has initiated what is expected to be a great journey. He is on his way to Buthan - The Dragon Kingdom, where he will stay for 3 months doing voluntary work for UNDP with local communities.
Ricardo is no stranger to voluntary work with communities, he has recently spent a month in Mozambique where he, along with other voluntaries, helped building a school.
He is one of those very enthusiastic and inspiring people, always ready to get himself involved himself in interesting projects. Surely this journey will be no exception.


Fortunately, he has created a journal-like web blog, where he will describe the day-to-day life during these 3 months of hard, nonetheless exciting, work. I will certainly be a faithful follower!


Here it is: Diving in communities

I wish you the best of luck Ricardo!

16/01/2011

Terra 2012 - Call for Abstracts

The international community interested in earthen architecture is invited to submit abstracts for the XIth International Conference on the Study and the Conservation of Earthen Architectural Heritage, Terra 2012, which will take place in Lima, Peru on April 2012.

Recently, the world has witnessed an increasing number of natural disasters, many of these affecting earthen architectural heritage. Terra 2012 will emphasize preparedness and response to natural disasters and climate change in relation to earthen architecture.

The abstract must be written in Spanish or English (official conference languages) and should indicate the conference theme under which the proposed paper will be included. The format model is available at the conference webpage: http://congreso.pucp.edu.pe/terra2012/. The abstracts must be submitted before Monday, 28th of February 2011, via email to terra2012@pucp.edu.pe.


For more information click here.

09/01/2011

Africa International Conference - Portuguese Architecture and Urbanism

Africa International Conference - Portuguese Architecture and  Urbanism
(language - Portuguese)
27, 28 Jan 2011 - Universidade Autónoma de Lisboa (university's website)
Dias 27 e 28 de Janeiro de 2011 (sala 55) Palácio dos Condes do Redondo (Sede UAL)

Programa:

27/01/2011

10.00
Abertura por José Manuel Fernandes, José-Augusto França e Miguel Figueira de Faria
10.30
Conferência Inaugural
África em Lisboa, ou Lisboa Africana - José-Augusto França
11.30
Intervalo

Cabo Verde, São Tomé e Príncipe, Guiné-Bissau I – Moderado por Helena Barreiros
12.00
12.30
Mindelo o Assentamento Urbano, corpus teórico e a praxis urbanística - João Sousa Morais, Professor Catedrático da F.A. - U.T.L.



Cabo Verde, São Tomé e Príncipe, Guiné-Bissau II – Moderado por José de Monterroso Teixeira
14.30

15.00
15.30
Intervalo
16.00
Debate



28/01/2011


Marrocos, Angola, Moçambique e África Oriental I– Moderado por Filipa Ramalhete
10.00
10.30
11.00
11.30
Intervalo

Marrocos, Angola, Moçambique e África Oriental II – Moderado por Miguel Figueira de Faria
12.00
Do Ibo e da Ilha ao Maputo, arquitecturas urbanas em Moçambique – Júlio Carrilho e Luís Lage, Professores Doutores Arquitectos
12.30

Almoço livre
14.30
Debate
16.00
Intervalo
16.30
Conferência de Encerramento por José Manuel Fernandes, Professor da FAUTL – Faculdade de Arquitectura da Universidade Técnica de Lisboa

Inscrição:


25 Euros - público em geral
Gratuita para alunos da UAL


Chamo a atenção para a seguinte apresentação pelo Professor José Manuel Fernandes - "Igrejas na África Portuguesa: relações com a Índia e o Brasil, nos séculos XVII e XVIII", onde outros temas, se irá abordar o seguinte:

"Temas construtivos ligados à chamada “arquitectura da terra”, comuns às igrejas do Cuanza (Angola) e de Damão (India) – é o caso dos contrafortes ou “gigantes”, apostos às fachadas ou empenas, construídos com o uso da terra (adobe, taipa). Refiram-se as igrejas de N.S. da Conceição de Muxima e a N.S. da Vitória de Massangano, no Cuanza, e a Igreja de Nossa Senhora dos Remédios, no Campo dos Remédios, em Damão, India."

08/01/2011

Fieldwork





2 months to go...

Innovation and Alternative Building Technology within a Sustainable Development Paradigm

This is an interesting paper by Tom Sanya. Sanya is also the author of the PhD thesis Living in Earth: the sustainability of earth architecture in Uganda, which you can find online here.


by Tom Sanya, 2010


ABSTRACT
People are at the centre of sustainable development. Basing on this anthropocentric viewpoint this paper posits that alternative building technologies can play an active role in solving today’s shelter problems and indeed in creating habitats for sustainable living. The routinely assumed powerlessness of the poor is problematised to make the case that, with alternative building technologies, everyone can get to be part of the solution. For alternative technologies to be effective in such a role, it is argued, innovation at all building lifecycle must be catalysed. The goal should be creation of a self-organising framework for reconfiguration of processes and products at different scales to develop and utilise alternative technologies in ever fresh ways of building sustainable habitats. International and local South African statistics and examples are used to support the arguments.

06/01/2011

2011 Courses at CAT


Check out the 2011 short courses at CAT (Centre for Alternative Technology)

Eco Building from New (3 days)
This introductory course will cover ecological building design and is useful for those who want an overview and an introduction to sustainable building. Topics covered will include low energy consumption, green building technologies, healthier habitats, the use of environmentally friendly building materials and... read more

• Fri 01 Apr - Sun 03 Apr, 2011 


Straw Bale Building (5 days)  
Led by 'Amazonails' Strawbale building experts this course will look at the history and use of straw bale buildings, different techniques, planning considerations and how to build. There will be practical workshops on the load bearing method, plaster and render preparation, and... read more

• Mon 30 May - Fri 03 Jun, 2011



Eco Refurbishment (5 days)  
The vast majority of us will never design and build our own new eco-homes, yet our existing houses can make a massive contribution to our carbon footprint and wider environmental impact. This course covers ecological improvements to existing buildings, including energy efficiency, renewable... read more

• Mon 18 Jul - Fri 22 Jul, 2011
• Mon 26 Sep - Fri 30 Sep, 2011



Eco Interiors (3 days)
This weekend course will look at considerations for creating sustainable, low energy and healthy interiors in the home.  It will include sessions on spatial planning to improve the environmental performance of the... read more

• Fri 22 Jul - Sun 24 Jul, 2011


Appropriate Building Materials and Methods (5 days)  
Led by Maurice Mitchell, an architect and lecturer at CAT for over 25 years, daily lectures will cover earth building, ferro-cement, building using a wide range of timbers, and emergency shelters. The bulk of the course will involve the design and construction... read more

• Mon 25 Jul - Fri 29 Jul, 2011



Taster Day: Natural Plaster and Renders (1 day)  
This short course offers a practical introduction to the use of natural materials in renders and plasters. Following a talk on the history and modern practicalities of earth and lime, you will... read more

• Sat 06 Aug, 2011



Building with Earth (3 days)
CAT has an Information Centre and Shop with beautiful rammed earth internal pillars. Earth blocks were used in the construction of new toilet facilities. This course will cover basic methods and construction techniques, soil analysis and practical sessions in rammed earth techniques.read more

• Fri 02 Sep - Sun 04 Sep, 2011



Timber Frame Self Build (5 days)
A series of frames will be made and erected in the practical sessions, and classroom sessions will cover the timber frame method, ecological building methods, design for low energy sustainable housing and appropriate services for low energy buildings.

After the frames... read more

• Mon 24 Oct - Fri 28 Oct, 2011

International workshop on earthen architecture - Colombia


International workshop on earthen architecture - Colombia
18 - 27 Feb 2011

Further information: tallerarquitecturatierra@gmail.com



Natural Building Course, Jordan

via: /permaculture.org.au   

Date: Starts Feb 27, 2011 and runs for 5 day(s).

Earthen Building is the most common building technique in the world. Earth has been used for building by humans for thousands of years in almost all parts of the globe. Although its popularity has decreased over the last century, it is now experiencing a revival in many parts of the world.

We will focus on earthen building, offering hands on experience with straw bale, cob, compressed earth block, and earthen and lime plasters. Students will learn to smoothly integrate a variety of natural building materials to create the best possible building solution for each individual situation.

We will demonstrate how to prospect and test for appropriate building sediment, how to mix earth to create building materials, how to install windows into straw bale walls, and show methods for attachment of wood (e.g. doors, roofs), and how to sculpt niches, shelves and furniture, and how to finish both earthen and straw bale walls with natural plasters.

As a complement to the hands-on building portion of the course there will be slide shows and discussion sessions about the philosophical and theoretical aspects of natural building.

Specific Topics Include:

- Intro into Earthen construction
- Straw bales; why use them and how?
- Compressed earth bricks; soil selection, production and use
- Rendering, plastering and finishing using different soil and lime based mixes
- Application of knowledge in an actual building site

The building the course attendees will be working on is the main building of the Jordan Permaculture Research Institute. When finished it will be used as an office space for the institute as well as a lecture hall. There will also be three rooms for volunteers to stay in.

Because the site is in the Jordan Valley, where heat is a major issue, the building is designed to minimize the building’s heat gain. The Southern and Western walls are going to be constructed of straw bales to minimize heat gain from the sun. The Northern and Eastern walls are going to be constructed of compressed earth bricks to bank the cold and relieve the building from any heat gained.

This course is organized by The Permaculture Research Institute (PRI), Vertical Clay Construction, a natural building company from the US, Smart Earth Solutions, a Jordanian company specializing in compressed earth brick manufacturing, and Entity Green, a Jordanian company that provides environmental services from consulting to recycling.

Instructors:

Sasha Rabin has been building and teaching others to build with natural materials since co-founding Seven Generations Natural Builders (SGNB) in 2002. She recently co-founded Vertical Clay Construction. Sasha has a degree in Ecological Design from Evergreen State College and apprenticed at the Cob Cottage Company. She has taught natural building classes at the Yestermorrow Design/Build School, The Solar Living Institute, and the Institute of Urban Homesteading. She is currently living, learning and working on a suburban permaculture and natural building home and demonstration site in El Sobrante, Ca.

Hamzah Abu-Ragheb was born and raised in Jordan. He received his bachelors of science degree from the University of Maryland with an emphasis on ecology and evolution. He then returned to Jordan to begin an environmental services company, Smart Earth Solutions, which focused on earthen building methods. As such, Smart Earth Solutions’ main product was compressed earth bricks, which are made using locally available soils and a hydraulic press to make this alternative building method fast and efficient. During his years with Smart Earth Solutions, Hamzah attended numerous conferences and workshops regarding environmental solutions and ‘green’ building methods. Also, Hamzah was a member of the committee reviewing the Standardized Arab Earthen Building Code for the region. Currently, Hamzah is working as the recycling operations manager for Entity Green after co-starting their organic compost and gardening projects. Entity Green is a local company specializing in recycling and other environmental services. Finally, the Jordan Permaculture Research Institute building is being built by Hamzah and a group of volunteers from Entity Green and elsewhere.

Your tuition fees will subsidise training of poor locals

As per the Permaculture Master Plan, this course brings international teachers to train poor locals who could otherwise not afford such instruction, through the tuition fees of students from wealthier countries. International students effectively subsidise the training of locals, whilst both benefit from quality instruction as well as beneficial cultural exchange. You learn, and get to feel good about it too!


Accommodation:

We have been able to book three-bedroom units in a complex not far from where the course will be held. It is convenient to the local town where there is a supermarket. Accommodation costs, in addition to the course fees, are US$215 a week for one unit (US$215 between 3 people will be $71 each for 5 days). Each unit contains three bedrooms, toilet, shower, lounge and kitchen. Googlemaps view of unit complex.

Meals:

Breakfast, morning and afternoon tea and lunch are supplied to all participants. Dinner in the evening is self-catered (units described above have a kitchen). Dinner Shopping: There is a supermarket 5 minutes away by car. The cost for a one way trip to this supermarket is some 3-4 Jordanian Dinar.

Class times:

9am to 5pm, with 12:30-1:30pm lunch break, and half hour morning and afternoon tea breaks.

Travel Issues (airport pickups, transport, directions):

- Amman Airport/bus station pick-up: US$21 or JD30 for someone to come and collect you (this can be shared)
- Airport Taxi to the site: JD40 approximately. Upon request, we can also email you written directions, in Arabic, so that you can print these off and give these directions to your driver.

For further information for this course please contact education@permaculture.org.au.

Course pricing:
Prices in Australian dollars

$1200 (Normal price for this course)
$1000 (Early bird booking if paid 30 days before course start date)
$500 (Price for local Jordanian residents)

01/01/2011

Earthen buildings and extreme cold

©Célia Macedo, 2010
 





The last couple of weeks have been extremely cold here in the UK.  Because of this, I found myself wondering whether earth is an appropriate material to be used in places where extreme cold weather is felt throughout the year, or at least for a long period of the year. There is some information about this out there, but not quite that much, in fact, I do not recall coming across this issue very often.

There is the general idea that earthen buildings are only appropriate to hot climates, however, some examples from unlikely places seem to prove that earthen construction can also successfully resist freezing weather conditions. This seems to be the case in Canada, where the oldest rammed building is a church that dates back to around 1842, which, despite the subzero temperatures and snow, is still standing and doing fine today [1]. Dr Paul Jaquin, who holds a PhD in analysis of historic rammed earth structures, also reminds us that it is common to find earthen buildings in the Himalayas. Jaquin thus advocates that earthen walls can resist snow during the winter months [2].

What if we are looking at modern comfort standards? Of course it is very important to know that earthen buildings can resist snow and cold structurally, but what about thermal comfort inside these earthen buildings when it is freezing cold outside? 

The solution for this may simply lie on the use of insulation, preferably applied externally. According to David Easton’s ‘The rammed earth house’, it may be necessary to consider insulation, as ‘extremely cold or oppressively hot outside temperatures can cause uninsulated thermal mass to change the direct flow of heat too rapidly’ [3]. Moreover, Stuart Fix and Russell Richman, following a technical study on the viability of earth building construction in cold climates (south and central Alberta, Canada) concluded that, provided earthen walls are externally insulated, they ‘exhibit optimal thermal mass performance, completely mitigate spalling damage, and provide great control over moisture transportation through inward drying.’ [4].

Insulation applied from the exterior of earthen walls seems to be indeed the most frequently mentioned solution to cope with very cold temperatures. Surprisingly, this is also beginning to be suggested for hot climates... Some earthen construction advocates hence suggest that only some of the walls should be insulated, rather than the whole house. So for example, in a cold climate the north and east would be insulated, while insulating a wall facing west would bring advantages in a hot climate [5].
However, this means covering the earth wall itself, which for many is the main feature of the material and should therefore remain exposed. To avoid this, there are some companies insulating rammed earth walls, not from the exterior, but from in between two layers of rammed earth walls. I guess this is somewhat similar to common double layered construction, but with rammed earth instead of brick and block.  Thanks to this internal layer of insulation, the aesthetics of the earthen wall can still be appreciated, while the temperature inside remains comfortable. Or so it is said, I have never experienced this.

I can imagine all sorts of potential problems associated with the use of insulation on earthen walls. Given the complexity of this building material, which is unlike any other, the selection of the appropriate insulation is absolutely fundamental. A wrong choice of insulation will interfere with the processes of moisture transfer and with the breathing capacity of the earth wall, which as a consequence will compromise the overall performance of the material earth.
Nonetheless, it is a fact that if we advovate that earth is one of the materials of the future, we should be definitely looking at ways of combining earth and insulation to enhance the already acknowledged natural potential of earthen materials.




3 - EASTON, D. (2007). The rammed earth house. White River Junction, Vt, Chelsea Green


5- http://lists.ibiblio.org/pipermail/homestead/2005-February/003990.html